Anti-freezing Solutions for Closed Circuit Cooling Towers Drainage Method Completely drain all water from coils/pipes after shutdown Recommended to use compressed air for residual water removal

Working principle: Process hot water is evenly sprayed onto the heat exchange packing through a spray system. Cold air enters from the bottom or side of the tower and directly contacts and exchanges heat with water on the surface of the packing. Part of the water

ey Tests: pH (ideal 6.5-9.5), conductivity (<3000 μS/cm), turbidity (≤20 NTU), microbial counts (<10⁵ CFU/mL) Pollution Sources: Check for industrial wastewater intrusion, algae blooms, or pipe corrosion

1. In-depth analysis of thermodynamic exchange mechanismThe closed cooling tower achieves efficient cooling through "tube wall conduction + evaporative heat dissipation" two-stage heat exchange. Inside the closed coil, when the process fluid (such as water or ethylene glycol solution) below 90°C flows, the heat is first conducted to the outer wall through the copper tube or stainless steel tube wall. Taking the common 19mm...

1. Detailed explanation of thermal calculation modelThe heat dissipation calculation of closed cooling towers needs to consider both sensible heat and latent heat exchange. The sensible heat part follows Fourier's law: Q=U×A×ΔTlm, where the total heat transfer coefficient U value depends on the pipe material and the dirt coefficient, and the U value of clean copper pipe is about 380W/(m²·K). The latent heat part adopts the McKell equation: Q=m×hfg×(W2-W1), hfg is 2260kJ/kg, and W is the air humidity difference.

IntroductionAs the core equipment of industrial heat exchange systems, closed cooling towers are widely used in high-risk industries such as chemical, petrochemical, and pharmaceutical industries. In these environments, the presence of explosive gases or dusts places strict requirements on equipment safety. Explosion-proof closed cooling towers can operate stably in flammable and explosive environments through...